The fundamentals of the TCP/IP protocol

1. Routers are hardware on a network TCP/IP packages send in a herstellt.die that Internet has become, a small network used for military purposes in a global tool for social connection, economy, education and many others.

Millions of people use the Internet every day, but many are not aware of how it works under the hood. TCP/IP is the driving force behind all the information that the transfer any of this user. Develop an understanding of TCP/IP and how it works, get the essence of the most important communication mechanisms valuable best of the world to understand.

Addressing scheme

Know a network device, where the information can be send to the recipient address must be assigned.

IP addresses consist of a sequence of four numbers which known as a byte. You are classified as follows: 192.168.153.4. Each byte is a number between 0 and 255. This is because each byte is exactly one byte or eight-digit binary number, size. Part of the value of 00000000 11111111 representing each 0 and 255 bytes. TCP/IP a machine used to uniquely identify these addresses during a network session.

Routing

TCP/IP uses a set of routing protocols to determine which path information should take to get to a point on a network to another.

Devices called routers maintains routing tables to store the path information. Route optimized different algorithms according to various criteria. Some algorithms example may determine the amount of data in some paths sent and select alternative to maximize the speed of transmission paths. This is cOnnu, load balancing. Other routingSettings include the reliability of path and the amount of devices that must pass a connection on a particular route.

Data

Data sent by the TCP/IP protocol suite are divided into units called packets.

. The packages consist of a head and a payload. The header contains information about the source, destination information, a sequence number, and various other internal policies. TCP packets decompose data payloads of variable-length with a maximum of 64 k. sequence numbers are used to track the order submitted data, packets can arrive at the destination in the order.

Connections

Between the source and destination connections must be made before any data can be sent.

The client server model uses TCP/IP for communication. Essentially, this model uses machines called servers that have open ports to which clients can connect and communicate. A client sends a request called a SYN package which synchronizes the package between the client and the server sequence numbers. This allows to track the amount of data that are sent and it is the order in which two machines. The server sends back a confirmation of receipt or a receipt with his own SYN. Finally, the client a final ACK is. This whole process is a three way.